Regulator for dynamo-electric machines.



-vvvv vuLl 21, R. FLEMING.

REGULATOR FOR DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES.

APPLICATION nun 00120, 1904.

Fig. I.

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a Q mmmn Witnesses: Inventor:

Richard Fleming, 234 by W UNITED sTArns ra'rENT OFFICE- RltllAltl) FLFJMIXH. 0F LYNN, NIASSMIIlSlZTTS. ASSIUNOR TU GENERAL ELECTRIC ("(LUIANY. A (ORIURA'IIUX U1" Xl.\\" YORK.

RE GULATOR FOR 7 DYNAMO-E LECTRIC MACHINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 21, 1908.

Application filed October 20, 1904. Serial No. 229,238.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Ru'nAiu) FLEMING, a citizen of the United States, residing at liynn, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Regulators 'l'or Dvnamo Electric Machines, of which the following is a s ecification.

Among the o )jects of my invention is the production of a regulator for dynamo-electrio machines, which shall be simple in construction and which shall operate to maintain a constant volta e at some point of the system irrespective at the load.

In carrying mv invention into practice I provide means whereby a resistance or other controlling device, either in the field circuit of the generator. or in the field circuit of the exciter, as the case may be, is, with more or less rapidity, cut into and out of operation in such a manner as to produce the desired regulation.

The novel features which characterize my invention I have pointed out with particularity in the appended claims. e.

The invention itself, however, will be better understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents one embodiment of my invention, and Fig. 2 a modification.

In Fig. 1, the regulator is shown as applied to a sin le-phase alternating-current generator. This machine is indicated conventionally at 1 and is connected to a distribution system by means of leads or conductors 2 and 3. The field winding 4 of the generator is, in the present instance, excited by direct current from a small direct-current exciter, the armature of which is indicated at 5. In order to regulate the voltage of the main generator I control the voltage of the exciter by the following means. This means consists of a regulatin device having a vibrating member inclur ing two cores 6 and 7 of magnetic material suitably connected together. The core 6, in this case of horseshoe form, is within the influence of solenoids or windings 8 excited by current taken either directly l'rom the mains 2 and 3 or, as in the present instance,'trom the secondary oi the ste -do\vn transformer 9.

The ot or core 7 is provided with two windings It) and 11 within which it is freely movable. In practice these windings are superposed on or otherwise intermingled with each other, but for convenience are herein shown diagrammat-ically as arranged side by side. These windings both act to pull down the core. 7 in opposition to the windings 8 which tend, by cooperation with the core 6, to move the parts in the opposite direction. The winding 10 is connected directly across the exciter armature 5 and therefore receives the full, exciter voltage'or at least a current proportional to the voltage. The. other winding 11 is connected in series with the cxciter field 12 and also in series with an adjustable resistance 13. Two contacts 14 and 15, the first carried by the movable core. 7, and the second one fixed,

.- operate when together to short circuit the When the apparatus is in o eration the ma netic cores vibrate continua ly and open and close the contacts 14 and 15. As soon as a condition of equilibrium is disturbed, as for example by a heavy load on the main generator w iereby .the voltage of the generator is reduced, the solenoids 8 weaken and thereby allow the magnetic effect of the coils 10 and 11 to pre onderate. The distance of separation of t is contacts 14 and 15 is thus decreased and the aggregate time during which the contacts are in engagement in a given period is increased. The resistance 13, being thus out of circuit for a greater portion of the time, allows the voltage of exciter 5 to rise course, chosen so large that if permanently in circuit it would reduce the exciter voltage far below the normal voltage and when out of circuit would allow the exciter voltage to'rise' far higher than normal. Effects intermediate between these are obtained, as will be readily understood, by the continuous vibration of the regulator which cuts the resistance rapidly into and out of circuit at intervals, the lengths of which are automatically adjusted so as to produce the desired compromise betwe'en the iii-circuit and out-ofcircuit effects of the resistance.

As the voltage of the exciter rises, as above described, the coil 10, which is continuously in circuit, increases in strength and holds lit citer field at 21.

down the core 7, but is over )owered by the correspoinling, though tar y, increase in strength of the solenoids 8 in the generator circuit. A condition of equilibrium is soon reached under the new conditions, and, due

to the prompt response of coil 10, without What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,

1. ln a regulator for dynamo-electric machines having field and armature circuits, the combination of a vibratory member, a plurality of' coils influencing said member, one of said coils being responsive in strength to the voltage to be regulated and another responsive to the voltage in the field circuit of said 1 machine. and contacts controlled by said vibratory member operative to vary the vol- In this figure the main generator is This winding consists of two portions in series with each other and with the large ad ustable field resistance 22%. 1

The contacts 24 and .0, when in engagement,

short-circuit the portions 26 of this winding I together with the resistance 23 in series therewith. The other portion 27 of the winding may, if desired, have. its magnetizing eil'ect adjusted by means of an adjustable shunt resistance 28.

As before, the contact 34 is carried by the core 22 of the regulating device. This core in turn is mechanically connected to the U- shaped core 29 movable within the solenoid 350. T hcse solenoids may be excited by current taken from the secondaries 31 and 32 of two transformers, one of which has its primary winding 33 in shunt to the distribution mains, and the other winding 34 in series t with one of these mains. Thereby I obtain a compounding cfi'ect for the reason that the windin s 31 and 32, being in opposition to each other, cause the current ofithe solenoid 30 to vary in a proportion reater than the variation of voltage across the mains 17 and 18. This results in obtaining from the regulating mechanism a voltage which rises with increasing load and thus compensates for the drop in voltage on the conductors of the system.

In order to overcome the spark at the contacts of the regulating device I may use condensers, such for exam ile, as at 35, in which case I choose the num er of condensers according to the requirements of the particular regulating device.

tage in said field circuit.

2. In a regulator, the combination of a single continuously vibrating member, a coil acting thereon and responsive to the, voltage to be regulated, and another coil acting in opposition to the first and short-circuited by the vibration of said member.

It. The combination with a dynamo machine having field and armature circuits, of a vibratory member, and difl'ercntial coils in operative relation thereto, one of said coils being responsive in strength to the voltage of said dynanio-clectric machine, and the other to the field current.

4. In a regulator, the combination of a vibratory member, differential coils operatively related thereto, and an additional coil for said member alternately energized and 'deenergized through the vibration'ol' said member.

o. lhc combination of a generator. an exciter therelor, a vibratory device for varying the resistance of the field circuit of said exand another by current from the exciter.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set 111 r han "this 01 hteenth day of October g o i RICHARD FLEMING. Witnesses:

Jonx A. MoMANUs, Jr., DUGALD MoK. McKILLoP. 

